When Tendons Turn to Fat: Lessons in Clinical Uncertainty

Dunning-Kruger effect – I know everything: For years, I explained to my patients the benefit of strengthening exercises in degenerative tendinopathy in a simple way: A tendon contains many fibers. If some are damaged or torn, strengthening may improve the capacity of the remaining healthy muscle-tendon units to compensate. Over time, the damaged fibers may…

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Do Running Shoes Prevent Injuries? Revisiting Evidence Two Decades Later

Twenty years ago, runners were told that the “right shoe” could prevent injury. Today, despite an explosion of research and technology, the answer remains surprisingly complicated. In 2006, my blog post Evolution of the running shoe: evidence & opinion,” my central observation was that runners often overestimated the role of footwear in injury risk. Shoes…

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